Computer-mediated Communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyper-personal interaction

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Computer-mediated Communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyper-personal interaction

J. B. Walther

Abstract

While computer-mediated communication use and research are proliferating rapidly, findings offer contrasting images regarding the interpersonal character of this technology. Research trends over the history of these media are reviewed with observations across trends suggested so as to provide integrative principles with which to apply media to different circumstances. First, the notion that the media reduce personal influences—their impersonal effects—is reviewed. Newer theories and research are noted explaining normative “interpersonal” uses of the media. From this vantage point, recognizing that impersonal communication is sometimes advantageous, strategies for the intentional depersonalization of media use are inferred, with implications for Group Decision Support Systems effects. Additionally, recognizing that media sometimes facilitate communication that surpasses normal interpersonal levels, a new perspective on “hyperpersonal” communication is introduced. Subprocesses are discussed pertaining to receivers, senders, channels, and feedback elements in computer-mediated communication that may enhance impressions and interpersonal relations.

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Annotation

This theoretical overview follows computer-mediated communication (CMC) through numerous histories of medias. Within this review, the author offers newer theories and research in regard to “interpersonal” medias. The article also includes a new view on “hyperpersonal” communication. Lastly, the author offers pros and cons to communication patterns and behaviors commonly observed in traditional classrooms compared to online discussion boards and instant messaging systems within course platforms.

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